After-tax cash flow is a calculation method for companies’ financial performance to show their ability to generate cash flow through their operations. The after-tax cash flow formula works by adding costs that don’t include cash revenues (depreciation, restructuring costs, amortization, ...

There are two definitions of annexation in real estate. The first definition of annexation in real estate deals with the expansion of cities and the accompanying zoning laws. When a city expands its jurisdiction, property taxes and local laws can change and affect landowners differently. The other d...

Land development planning model theorizing that an urban area grows in rings expanding out from the central business district. The second ring is a shifting area having manufacturing and warehousing activity, including some less prominent commercial activity. The third ring has low social economic s...

Individual: Total assets less total liabilities less estimated taxes. It is the individual's personal equity which might be the basis for a bank loan to buy real estate. Corporation: Total assets less total liabilities equal to stockholder's equity. ...